Published by Álvaro González | 01/26/2025
Pilgrimage to Rome in 2025 for the Jubilee of Hope - Complete Guide
In 2025, Rome will host the much-anticipated Jubilee Year, an extraordinary event that draws millions of pilgrims and visitors to the Eternal City. This sacred Catholic tradition offers a unique opportunity for spiritual renewal and a deep connection with history and culture. Here’s everything you need to know about the Jubilee Year and how to make the most of your visit to Rome.
What is the Jubilee Year?
The Jubilee is a holy year celebrated by the Catholic Church as a special time of grace, forgiveness, and spiritual renewal. During this period, the faithful are invited to reconcile with God, strengthen their faith, and practice acts of charity and mercy.
The Jubilee tradition has biblical roots. In the Book of Leviticus, the Hebrew Jubilee was celebrated every 50 years, during which debts were forgiven, slaves were freed, and land was returned to its original owners. The Church adopted this practice in the 14th century when Pope Boniface VIII proclaimed the first Christian Jubilee in the year 1300, granting plenary indulgences to those who made a pilgrimage to Rome and performed certain penitential acts.
These plenary indulgences, which characterize a Jubilee, involve the total remission of temporal punishment for sins already forgiven through confession. To obtain them, the faithful must be truly repentant and fulfill certain conditions, such as confessing, receiving Communion, praying for the Pope’s intentions, and performing specific acts. In the case of Rome, this includes crossing one of the Holy Doors. Crossing these doors symbolizes entering a new life of faith and reconciliation with God.
Whether you visit the Eternal City this year with a Jubilee spirit or simply for tourism, this guide covers everything you shouldn’t miss.
Key Aspects of the Jubilee Year
1. Opening of the Holy Doors
Rome’s four major basilicas, known as such because the Pope is their direct titular, each have a Holy Door that pilgrims can cross to obtain a plenary indulgence. The Holy Doors of St. Peter’s Basilica, St. John Lateran, St. Paul Outside the Walls, and St. Mary Major will be ceremoniously opened, symbolizing the path to salvation.
- St. Peter’s Basilica (San Pietro in Vaticano): Located in the heart of Vatican City, it is one of Christianity’s most iconic landmarks. With its majestic dome designed by Michelangelo, it offers spectacular views of Rome. Inside, masterpieces like Michelangelo’s Pietà and Bernini’s baldachin above the altar and the tomb of the Apostle Peter stand out. In the grottoes, along with St. Peter, numerous popes are buried. The nearby Vatican Museums house priceless treasures, including Michelangelo’s frescoes in the Sistine Chapel. Outside, St. Peter’s Square, designed by Bernini, features its characteristic colonnade embracing visitors. Every Sunday, the Pope welcomes pilgrims here for the Angelus prayer.
- St. John Lateran (San Giovanni in Laterano): Considered the cathedral of Rome and the mother church of all Catholic churches worldwide, this basilica is the Pope’s official seat as Bishop of Rome. Its impressive Baroque facade and interior adorned with mosaics, frescoes, and sculptures, including the imposing statues of the Apostles, are breathtaking. In front of the basilica lies the ancient Lateran Baptistery, and nearby is the Scala Santa, the staircase that, according to tradition, Jesus ascended during His trial before Pilate in Jerusalem.
- St. Paul Outside the Walls (San Paolo fuori le mura): Built over the tomb of Apostle Paul, this basilica is outside the ancient city walls, hence its name. Its interior features imposing columns, brilliant mosaics in the apse, and a gallery of medallions depicting all the Popes from St. Peter to the present day. The cloister, with delicately decorated columns, is a haven of peace and beauty.
- St. Mary Major (Santa Maria Maggiore): Situated on the Esquiline Hill, it is the most important church dedicated to the Virgin Mary, blending elements of Paleochristian, Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture. Its golden ceiling, adorned with the first gold brought from the Americas, and the 5th-century mosaics narrating biblical scenes are masterpieces. The basilica also houses the revered relic of the manger from Bethlehem. Historically associated with the Spanish monarchy, the entrance narthex features a statue of King Philip IV.
2. The Route of the Seven Churches
St. Philip Neri popularized the Route of the Seven Churches in the 16th century, combining spirituality, history, and art. This pilgrimage involves visiting seven of Rome’s most iconic churches, including the four major basilicas mentioned above, plus:
- St. Lawrence Outside the Walls (San Lorenzo fuori le mura): One of Rome’s oldest and most visited churches, dedicated to the martyr St. Lawrence. Located outside the ancient Aurelian Walls, it blends Paleochristian and medieval architecture. Its interior houses the saint’s relics, beautiful 6th-century mosaics, and a solemn yet austere atmosphere. The surrounding historic cemetery includes Campo Verano, where notable Roman figures are buried.
- The Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem (Santa Croce in Gerusalemme): Built in the 4th century by St. Helena, Emperor Constantine’s mother, it houses Passion relics such as fragments of the True Cross, a thorn from the Crown, and a holy nail. These relics, brought from the Holy Land, give the basilica its unique symbolism. Its simple yet solemn architecture features beautiful frescoes and a reflective ambiance.
- St. Sebastian Outside the Walls (San Sebastiano fuori le mura): Located along the Via Appia, this basilica was built in the 4th century above St. Sebastian’s ancient catacombs. Highlights include the reliquary containing the arrows of his martyrdom, a bust of St. Sebastian attributed to Bernini, and the underground galleries of the catacombs, offering a fascinating glimpse into early Christian Rome.
3. Other Historic Churches
Beyond the seven great basilicas, almost any neighborhood church in Rome could be considered a masterpiece of art. However, here’s our selection of the most significant ones:
- Church of Sant’Agnese in Agone: Located in Piazza Navona, it was built on the site where Saint Agnes was martyred. It is the work of Borromini.
- Basilica of Sant’Agostino in Campo Marzio: Houses the relics of Saint Monica, mother of Saint Augustine of Hippo, and features works by Caravaggio and Raphael.
- Chiesa Nuova (New Church): Contains the relics of Saint Philip Neri, stunning frescoes by Pietro da Cortona, and paintings by Rubens.
- Basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva: The final resting place of Saint Catherine of Siena, as well as several popes and notable figures. The church boasts a remarkable organ and Michelangelo’s Christ the Redeemer.
- Church of the Gesù: Holds the relics of Saint Ignatius of Loyola and Saint Francis Xavier, founders of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). The ceiling and dome frescoes are breathtaking.
- Church of Sant’Ignazio di Loyola in Campo Marzio: Contains the remains of Saint Robert Bellarmine. Its ceiling trompe-l’oeil creates a unique optical illusion.
- Basilica of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere: Home to the relics of Saint Cecilia, frescoes by Cavallini, and an impressive crypt.
- Basilica of San Clemente: Dedicated to the fourth pope of the Catholic Church, it is one of the oldest churches in Rome. Mostly Paleochristian, it originates from a Roman temple.
- Basilica of Santa Pudenziana: Contains several relics and mosaics from early Christianity.
- Basilica of Santo Stefano Rotondo: Located on the Caelian Hill, this circular church features frescoes depicting the martyrdom of saints.
- Basilica of Santa Sabina: A Paleochristian church on the Aventine Hill, famous for its large 5th-century wooden door.
- Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere: Dedicated to the Virgin Mary, with golden mosaics and a unique medieval ambiance.
- Church of Domine Quo Vadis: Situated where, according to tradition, Jesus appeared to Saint Peter as he fled Rome.
4. Special Liturgical Events and More
The Vatican will host numerous masses, processions, and prayer services led by Pope Francis throughout the year. The Via Francigena and other traditional routes will guide pilgrims to Rome, offering spiritual and scenic journeys through the Italian countryside. Additionally, museums and galleries will feature special exhibitions celebrating the rich history of Christianity and Rome's artistic heritage.
Exploring Rome: Complete Guide
Rome is a city where history, art, and spirituality intertwine. Beyond the Jubilee celebrations, here are the must-see attractions and activities to enhance your visit:
- Piazza Navona: One of the most beautiful squares in Rome, featuring baroque fountains, including Bernini's Fountain of the Four Rivers.
- Piazza di Spagna: Famous for its Spanish Steps, located in front of the Embassy of Spain to the Holy See, connecting to the Trinità dei Monti church. Perfect for soaking in Roman ambiance.
- Piazza del Popolo: A traditional entry point for medieval pilgrims, boasting twin churches and an Egyptian obelisk at its center.
- Piazza del Quirinale: A grand square that houses the Presidential Palace of the Italian Republic.
- Pantheon of Rome: An ancient engineering marvel with a spectacular dome.
- Colosseum of Rome: An iconic symbol of the city, once the stage for ancient gladiatorial games.
- Roman Forum and Palatine Hill: The political and religious center of ancient Rome, alongside the former imperial palace complex.
- Tiber Island: A picturesque and historic spot, offering tranquility and a rich history. The Church of Saint Andrew houses relics of the apostle.
- Baths of Caracalla: A monumental ancient Roman bath complex, renowned for its architectural grandeur.
- Trevi Fountain: Toss a coin into this iconic fountain to ensure your return to Rome, as local legend promises.
- Trastevere: Stroll through the cobblestone streets of this charming district, known for its bohemian vibe, traditional trattorias, and lively nightlife.
- Monument to the Unification of Italy: Known as Vittoriano or Altare della Patria, this majestic structure honors Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a unified Italy, symbolizing national unity and identity.
- Castel Sant’Angelo: Explore this historic papal fortress, once Emperor Hadrian's mausoleum, and enjoy panoramic views of the city.
- Capitoline Museums: Dive into ancient Roman history through sculptures, artifacts, and paintings housed in the world's oldest public museum.
Tips for Visiting Rome During the Jubilee Year
- Plan Ahead: Book accommodations, tickets, and activities in advance, as the city will be bustling with visitors.
- Get a Pilgrim Passport: Available at designated offices, this passport grants access to key Jubilee activities.
- Use Public Transportation: Rome's metro, buses, and trams are efficient for getting around, though they will be crowded. Walking is a pleasant way to discover the Eternal City.
- Dress Modestly: Respect dress codes when entering religious sites.
- Stay Hydrated: Take advantage of the many public fountains, known as nasoni, offering fresh potable water—some of the best in the world.
The Jubilee Year 2025 offers an exceptional opportunity to witness Rome at its spiritual and cultural peak. From majestic basilicas and the relics of great saints to iconic monuments that narrate centuries of history, the Eternal City provides a transformative experience for both the soul and the senses. From the Itaca Tours team, we hope you fully enjoy one of the most captivating destinations in the world. Let us help you embark on this journey! Book your flights, accommodations, activities, and tickets with us.
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